Jassin writes that Hamka used the novel to educate readers about Islamic fundamentals and undermine the power of local tradition. However, this is less predominant than in other works, such as Marah Rusli's Sitti Nurbaya (1922). Like other Indonesian works from the period, Di Bawah Lindungan Ka'bah is didactic and attempts to educate the reader based on the writer's viewpoint. Mahayana, Oyon Sofyan, and Achmad Dian view the novel's language as reflecting the works of al-Manfaluti. The Indonesian literary documentarian HB Jassin writes that Hamka's use of language was 'simple, but with soul'. The socialist Indonesian literary critic Bakri Siregar suggested that this may have been an effort by Balai Pustaka, the state publisher of the Dutch East Indies, to impose its own style on Hamka's writing. Style and themes ĭi Bawah Lindungan Ka'bah has a simple, at times brief, writing style. Zainab, already ill, dies soon afterwards. Hamid intends to return home to be with Zainab after his pilgrimage, but falls ill and dies soon after. Thinking his efforts successful, yet heartbroken, Hamid makes his way to Mecca.Ī year later, during the hajj, he meets his friend Saleh and Saleh's wife Rosna, who tell him that Zainab has not married as she loves only Hamid. Asiah later asks Hamid to convince Zainab to marry her cousin – traditional amongst the nobility – which he attempts. Hamid's mother dies soon after, warning her son that he would never be allowed to marry Zainab because of their different social statuses. However, he continues to correspond with Zainab.Īfter Ja'far's death, his extended family moves into the house. After moving to Padang Panjang, Hamid becomes distanced from his adopted family. He finds himself attracted to Zainab for her noble character unbeknownst to him, Zainab also has feelings for him. They are raised as brother and sister, and Ja'far pays for Hamid's education.īy the time he becomes an adult, Hamid no longer accepts the traditional class system, instead viewing everyone as equals. There, Hamid finds a playmate in the couple's daughter Zainab. Two years after his father dies, the six-year-old Hamid and his mother move in with Haji Ja'far and his wife Asiah, members of the Minang nobility. Hamid is a young Muslim living in Sumatra. In 1935 he left Makassar for Medan, North Sumatra, where he became the editor of an Islamic weekly magazine, during which time he wrote Di Bawah Lindungan Ka'bah, his first novel. During these travels, especially while in the Middle East, he extensively read works by Islamic scholars and authors, such as those by the Egyptian writer Mustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti, as well as Arabic-language translations of European works. After a trip to Java and Mecca beginning when he was sixteen, he became a religious scholar in Deli, East Sumatra, then in Makassar, South Sulawesi. Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah, better known as simply Hamka, was the Sumatran-born son of a devout Muslim who viewed local traditions as hindering the progress of religion – his father's opinions influenced his. REALITAS BUDAYA MASYARAKAT BALI DALAM NOVEL“SUKRENI GADIS BALI” KARYA A.A. Berapa banyak buku yang menceritakan kehidupan Soekarno. Full-Text Paper (PDF): Pemikiran Pendidikan Islam Soekarno. Maupun buku-buku agama dan karya sastra Hamka kemudian. Tidak terdapat keterangan lanjut baik dari Buya Hamka maupun literatur lain. Generally praised for its simple yet eloquent diction, the novel has been twice adapted into film, first in 1977 and then in 2011. Written while the author worked in Medan as the editor of an Islamic weekly magazine, the novel follows the doomed romance of a young Minang couple from different social backgrounds. Di Bawah Lindungan Ka'bah ( Under the Protection of Ka'bah) is the 1938 debut novel of the Indonesian author Haji Abdul Malik Karim Amrullah (1908–1981).
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